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|
#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright 2018,2019 Ettus Research, a National Instruments Company
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
#
"""
UHD Phase Alignment: Phase alignment test using the UHD Python API.
"""
import argparse
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import itertools as itt
import sys
import time
import logging
import numpy as np
import numpy.random as npr
import uhd
CLOCK_TIMEOUT = 1000 # 1000mS timeout for external clock locking
INIT_DELAY = 0.05 # 50mS initial delay before transmit
CMD_DELAY = 0.05 # set a 50mS delay in commands
NUM_RETRIES = 10 # Number of retries on a given trial before giving up
# TODO: Add support for TX phase alignment
def split_args(args_str):
"""
Split a string of the form key1=value1,key2=value2 into a dict of the form
{key1 => 'value1', key2 => 'value2'}.
"""
return {
x.split('=', 1)[0].strip(): x.split('=', 1)[1]
for x in args_str.split(",")
if x
}
def parse_args():
"""Parse the command line arguments"""
description = """UHD Phase Alignment (Python API)
Currently only supports RX phase alignment
Example usage:
- Setup: 2x X310's (one with dboard in slot A, one in slot B)
uhd_phase_alignment.py --args addr0=ADDR0,addr1=ADDR1 --rate 5e6 --gain 30
--start-freq 1e9 --stop-freq 2e9 --freq-bands 3
--clock-source external --time-source external --sync pps
--subdev "A:0" "A:0" --runs 3 --duration 1.0
Note: when specifying --subdev, put each mboard's subdev in ""
When integrating signal generation into this script, add the following
arguments:
--source-plugin uhd_rf_test.new_source_gen --source-args "key1=value1,key2=value2"
This looks for a child class of SourceGenerator in the `new_source_gen`
module within the uhd_rf_test subpackage. See uhd_rf_test/uhd_source_gen.py
for an example implementation.
"""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(formatter_class=argparse.RawTextHelpFormatter,
description=description)
# Standard device args
parser.add_argument("--args", default="", type=str,
help="UHD device address args (requires 2 MBoards)")
parser.add_argument("--rate", type=float, default=5e6,
help="specify to perform a rate test (sps)")
parser.add_argument("--gain", type=float, default=10.,
help="specify a gain setting for the device")
parser.add_argument("--channels", default=[0, 1], nargs="+", type=int,
help="which channel(s) to use "
"(specify 0 1 or 0 1 2 3)")
parser.add_argument("--duration", default=0.25, type=float,
help="duration for each capture in seconds")
parser.add_argument("--runs", default=10, type=int,
help="Number of times to retune and measure phase alignment")
# Test configuration
parser.add_argument("--start-freq", type=float, required=True,
help="specify a minimum frequency")
parser.add_argument("--stop-freq", type=float, required=True,
help="specify a maximum frequency")
parser.add_argument("--freq-bands", type=float, required=True,
help="specify the number of frequency bands to test")
parser.add_argument("--start-power", type=float, default=-30,
help="specify a starting output power for the siggen (dBm)")
parser.add_argument("--power-step", type=float, default=0,
help="specify the increase in siggen output power at each step")
parser.add_argument("--tone-offset", type=float, default=1e6,
help="Frequency offset of the input signal (ie. the "
"difference between the device's center frequency "
"and the test tone)")
parser.add_argument("--drift-threshold", type=float, default=2.,
help="Maximum frequency drift (deg) while testing a given frequency")
parser.add_argument("--stddev-threshold", type=float, default=2.,
help="Maximum frequency deviation (deg) over a single receive call")
# Device configuration
parser.add_argument("--clock-source", type=str,
help="clock reference (internal, external, mimo, gpsdo)")
parser.add_argument("--time-source", type=str,
help="PPS source (internal, external, mimo, gpsdo)")
parser.add_argument("--sync", type=str, default="default",
help="Method to synchronize devices)")
parser.add_argument("--subdev", type=str, nargs="+",
help="Subdevice(s) of UHD device where appropriate. Use "
"a space-separated list to set different boards to "
"different specs.")
parser.add_argument("--lo-export",
help="Set LO export {True, False} for each channel with a comma-separated list.")
parser.add_argument("--lo-source",
help="Set LO source {None, internal, companion, external} for each channel with a comma-separated list. None skips this channel.")
parser.add_argument("--twinrx", type=bool, default=False,
help="Set if the device is a TwinRX")
# Signal Source
parser.add_argument("--source-plugin", type=str, default="default",
help="Select source plugin. This can either be one of"
" [default,], or it can be a custom plugin."
)
parser.add_argument("--source-args", default="",
help="Arguments to be passed to the source plugin. It is "
"a string of the form key1=value1,key2=value2. The "
"meaning of the keys and values depends on the "
"source generator plugin."
)
# Extra, advanced arguments
parser.add_argument("--plot", default=False, action="store_true",
help="Plot results")
parser.add_argument("--save", default=False, action="store_true",
help="Save each set of samples")
parser.add_argument("--easy-tune", type=bool, default=True,
help="Round the target frequency to the nearest MHz")
parser.add_argument("--skip-time", type=float, default=100e-3,
help="Amount of time to wait after a tune to capture samples")
args = parser.parse_args()
# Do some sanity checking
if args.tone_offset >= (args.rate / 2):
logger.warning("Tone offset may be outside the received bandwidth!")
return args
def normalize_lo_source_export_sel(args):
"""Parses and returns the lo inputs and makes sure there is one argument per channel"""
lo_source = [x.strip() for x in args.lo_source.split(",")]
lo_export = [x.strip() for x in args.lo_export.split(",")]
if len(lo_source) != len(args.channels):
raise ValueError("Invalid number of lo-source settings {n} for {c} channels. Must be one argument per channel.".format(n=len(lo_source), c=len(args.channels)))
if len(lo_export) != len(args.channels):
raise ValueError("Invalid number of lo-export settings {n} for {c} channels. Must be one argument per channel.".format(n=len(lo_source), c=len(args.channels)))
return (lo_source, lo_export)
class LogFormatter(logging.Formatter):
"""Log formatter which prints the timestamp with fractional seconds"""
@staticmethod
def pp_now():
"""Returns a formatted string containing the time of day"""
now = datetime.now()
return "{:%H:%M}:{:05.2f}".format(now, now.second + now.microsecond / 1e6)
def formatTime(self, record, datefmt=None):
converter = self.converter(record.created)
if datefmt:
formatted_date = converter.strftime(datefmt)
else:
formatted_date = LogFormatter.pp_now()
return formatted_date
def setup_ref(usrp, ref, num_mboards):
"""Setup the reference clock"""
if ref == "mimo":
if num_mboards != 2:
logger.error("ref = \"mimo\" implies 2 motherboards; "
"your system has %d boards", num_mboards)
return False
usrp.set_clock_source("mimo", 1)
else:
usrp.set_clock_source(ref)
# Lock onto clock signals for all mboards
if ref != "internal":
logger.debug("Now confirming lock on clock signals...")
end_time = datetime.now() + timedelta(milliseconds=CLOCK_TIMEOUT)
for i in range(num_mboards):
if ref == "mimo" and i == 0:
continue
is_locked = usrp.get_mboard_sensor("ref_locked", i)
while (not is_locked) and (datetime.now() < end_time):
time.sleep(1e-3)
is_locked = usrp.get_mboard_sensor("ref_locked", i)
if not is_locked:
logger.error("Unable to confirm clock signal locked on board %d", i)
return False
return True
def setup_pps(usrp, pps, num_mboards):
"""Setup the PPS source"""
if pps == "mimo":
if num_mboards != 2:
logger.error("ref = \"mimo\" implies 2 motherboards; "
"your system has %d boards", num_mboards)
return False
# make mboard 1 a slave over the MIMO Cable
usrp.set_time_source("mimo", 1)
else:
usrp.set_time_source(pps)
return True
def setup_usrp(args):
"""Create, configure, and return the device
The USRP object that is returned will be synchronized and ready to receive.
"""
usrp = uhd.usrp.MultiUSRP(args.args)
# Always select the subdevice first, the channel mapping affects the other settings
if args.subdev:
assert len(args.subdev) == usrp.get_num_mboards(),\
"Please specify a subdevice spec for each mboard"
for mb_idx in range(usrp.get_num_mboards()):
usrp.set_rx_subdev_spec(uhd.usrp.SubdevSpec(args.subdev[mb_idx]), mb_idx)
else:
logger.warning("No RX subdev specs set! Please ensure that the correct "
"connections are being used.")
logger.info("Using Device: %s", usrp.get_pp_string())
# Set the reference clock
if args.clock_source and not setup_ref(usrp, args.clock_source, usrp.get_num_mboards()):
# If we wanted to set a reference clock and it failed, return
return None
# Set the PPS source
if args.time_source and not setup_pps(usrp, args.time_source, usrp.get_num_mboards()):
# If we wanted to set a PPS source and it failed, return
return None
# At this point, we can assume our device has valid and locked clock and PPS
# Determine channel settings
# TODO: Add support for >2 channels! (TwinRX)
if len(args.channels) != 2:
logger.error("Must select 2 channels! (%s selected)", args.channels)
return None
logger.info("Selected %s RX channels", args.channels if args.channels else "no")
# Set the sample rate
for chan in args.channels:
usrp.set_rx_rate(args.rate, chan)
usrp.set_rx_gain(args.gain, chan)
# Set the LO source and export
if (args.lo_export is not None) and (args.lo_source is not None):
(args.lo_source, args.lo_export) = normalize_lo_source_export_sel(args)
for chan, lo_source, lo_export in zip(args.channels, args.lo_source, args.lo_export):
if lo_export == "True":
logger.info("LO export enabled on channel %s", chan)
usrp.set_rx_lo_export_enabled(True, "all", chan)
if args.twinrx is False:
usrp.set_tx_lo_export_enabled(True, "all", chan)
if lo_source != "None":
logger.info("Channel %s source set to %s", chan, lo_source)
usrp.set_rx_lo_source(lo_source, "all", chan)
if args.twinrx is False:
usrp.set_tx_lo_source(lo_source, "all", chan)
# Actually synchronize devices
# We already know we have >=2 channels, so don't worry about that
if args.sync in ['default', "pps"]:
logger.info("Setting device timestamp to 0...")
usrp.set_time_unknown_pps(uhd.types.TimeSpec(0.0))
elif args.sync == 'mimo':
# For MIMO, we want to set the time on the master and let it propogate
# through the MIMO cable
usrp.set_time_now(uhd.types.TimeSpec(0.0), 0)
time.sleep(1)
logger.info("Current device timestamp: %.8f",
usrp.get_time_now().get_real_secs())
else:
# This should never happen- argparse choices should handle this
logger.error("Invalid sync option for given configuration: %s", args.sync)
return None
return usrp
def get_band_limits(start_freq, stop_freq, freq_bands):
"""Return an array of length `freq_bands + 1`.
Each element marks the start of a frequency band (Hz).
Bands are equal sized (not log or anything fancy).
The last element is the stop frequency.
ex. get_band_limits(10., 100., 2) => [10., 55., 100.]
"""
return np.linspace(start_freq, stop_freq, freq_bands+1, endpoint=True)
def window(seq, width=2):
"""Returns a sliding window (of `width` elements) over data from the iterable.
s -> (s0,s1,...s[n-1]), (s1,s2,...,sn), ...
Itertools example found at https://docs.python.org/release/2.3.5/lib/itertools-example.html
"""
seq_iter = iter(seq)
result = tuple(itt.islice(seq_iter, width))
if len(result) == width:
yield result
for elem in seq_iter:
result = result[1:] + (elem,)
yield result
def generate_time_spec(usrp, time_delta=0.05):
"""Return a TimeSpec for now + `time_delta`"""
return usrp.get_time_now() + uhd.types.TimeSpec(time_delta)
def tune_usrp(usrp, freq, channels, lo_source, delay=CMD_DELAY):
"""Synchronously set the device's frequency.
If a channel is using an internal LO it will be tuned first
and every other channel will be manually tuned based on the response.
This is to account for the internal LO channel having an offset in the actual DSP frequency.
Then all channels are synchronously tuned."""
treq = uhd.types.TuneRequest(freq)
lo_source_channel = -1
for chan, lo in zip(channels, lo_source):
if lo == "internal":
lo_source_channel = chan
if lo_source_channel != -1:
treq.dsp_freq = (usrp.set_rx_freq(uhd.types.TuneRequest(freq), lo_source_channel)).actual_dsp_freq
treq.target_freq = freq
treq.rf_freq = freq
treq.rf_freq_policy = uhd.types.TuneRequestPolicy(ord('M'))
treq.dsp_freq_policy = uhd.types.TuneRequestPolicy(ord('M'))
for chan, lo_source in zip(channels, lo_source):
if lo_source == "internal":
continue
usrp.set_rx_freq(treq, chan)
usrp.set_command_time(generate_time_spec(usrp, time_delta=delay))
for chan in channels:
usrp.set_rx_freq(treq, chan)
usrp.clear_command_time()
time.sleep(delay)
def recv_aligned_num_samps(usrp, streamer, num_samps, freq, lo_source, channels=(0,)):
"""
RX a finite number of samples from the USRP
:param usrp: MultiUSRP object
:param streamer: RX streamer object
:param num_samps: number of samples to RX
:param freq: RX frequency (Hz)
:param channels: list of channels to RX on
:return: numpy array of complex floating-point samples (fc32)
"""
# Allocate a sample buffer
result = np.empty((len(channels), num_samps), dtype=np.complex64)
# Tune to the desired frequency
tune_usrp(usrp, freq, channels, lo_source)
metadata = uhd.types.RXMetadata()
buffer_samps = streamer.get_max_num_samps() * 10
recv_buffer = np.zeros(
(len(channels), buffer_samps), dtype=np.complex64)
recv_samps = 0
stream_cmd = uhd.types.StreamCMD(uhd.types.StreamMode.start_cont)
stream_cmd.stream_now = False
stream_cmd.time_spec = generate_time_spec(usrp)
stream_cmd.num_samps = num_samps
streamer.issue_stream_cmd(stream_cmd)
logger.debug("Sending stream command for T=%.2f", stream_cmd.time_spec.get_real_secs())
samps = np.array([], dtype=np.complex64)
while recv_samps < num_samps:
samps = streamer.recv(recv_buffer, metadata)
if metadata.error_code != uhd.types.RXMetadataErrorCode.none:
# If we get a timeout, retry MAX_TIMEOUTS times
if metadata.error_code == uhd.types.RXMetadataErrorCode.timeout:
logger.error("%s (%d samps recv'd)", metadata.strerror(), recv_samps)
recv_samps = 0
break
real_samps = min(num_samps - recv_samps, samps)
result[:, recv_samps:recv_samps + real_samps] = recv_buffer[:, 0:real_samps]
recv_samps += real_samps
logger.debug("Stopping stream")
stream_cmd = uhd.types.StreamCMD(uhd.types.StreamMode.stop_cont)
streamer.issue_stream_cmd(stream_cmd)
logger.debug("Flushing stream")
# Flush the remainder of the samples
while samps:
samps = streamer.recv(recv_buffer, metadata)
if recv_samps < num_samps:
logger.warning("Received too few samples, returning an empty array")
return np.array([], dtype=np.complex64)
return result
def plot_samps(samps, alignment):
"""
Show a nice plot of samples and their phase alignment
"""
try:
import pylab as plt
except ImportError:
logger.error("--plot requires pylab.")
return
plt.tick_params(axis="both", labelsize=20)
# Plot the samples
plt.plot(samps[0][1000:2000].real, 'b')
plt.plot(samps[1][1000:2000].real, 'r')
plt.title("Phase Aligned RX", fontsize=44)
plt.legend(["Device A", "Device B"], fontsize=24)
plt.ylabel("Amplitude (real)", fontsize=35)
plt.xlabel("Time (us)", fontsize=35)
plt.show()
# Plot the alignment
logger.info("plotting alignment")
plt.plot(alignment)
plt.title("Phase Difference between Devices", fontsize=40)
plt.ylabel("Phase Delta (radian)", fontsize=30)
plt.xlabel("Time (us)", fontsize=30)
plt.ylim([-np.pi, np.pi])
plt.show()
def calc_max_drift(phase_vals):
"""Returns the maximum drift (radians) between the mean phase values of runs
This works for all values, even those around +/-pi.
For example, calc_max_drift([179 degrees, -179 degrees]) = 2 degrees, not
358 degrees"""
def span(ll):
"Return max - min of values in ll"
return max(ll) - min(ll)
# Roll over negative values up to above pi, see if that improves things
# Ensure that phase_vals is a numpy array so that we can use nifty indexing
# below
phase_vals = np.array(phase_vals)
norm_span = span(phase_vals)
corrected = phase_vals + (phase_vals < 0)*2*np.pi
corr_span = span(corrected)
return corr_span if corr_span < norm_span else norm_span
def check_results(alignment_stats, drift_thresh, stddev_thresh):
"""Print the alignment stats in a nice way
alignment_stats should be a dictionary of the following form:
{test_freq : [list of runs], ...}
... the list of runs takes the form:
[{dictionary of run statistics}, ...]
... the run dictionary has the following keys:
mean, stddev, min, max, test_freq, run_freq
... whose values are all floats
"""
success = True # Whether or not we've exceeded a threshold
msg = ""
for freq, stats_list in sorted(alignment_stats.items()):
band_success = True
# Try to grab the test frequency for the frequency band
try:
test_freq = stats_list[0].get("test_freq")
except (KeyError, IndexError):
test_freq = 0.
logger.error("Failed to find test frequency for test band %.2fMHz", freq)
msg += "=== Frequency band starting at {:.2f}MHz. ===\n".format(freq/1e6)
msg += "Test Frequency: {:.2f}MHz ===\n".format(test_freq/1e6)
# Allocate a list so we can calulate the drift over a set of runs
mean_list = []
for run_dict in stats_list:
run_freq = run_dict.get("run_freq", 0.)
# Convert mean and stddev to degrees
mean_deg = run_dict.get("mean", 0.) * 180 / np.pi
stddev_deg = run_dict.get("stddev", 0.) * 180 / np.pi
if stddev_deg > stddev_thresh:
band_success = False
success = False
msg += "{:.2f}MHz<-{:.2f}MHz: {:.3f} deg +- {:.3f}\n".format(
test_freq/1e6, run_freq/1e6, mean_deg, stddev_deg
)
mean_list.append(mean_deg)
# Report the largest difference in mean values of runs
max_drift = calc_max_drift(mean_list)
if max_drift > drift_thresh:
band_success = False
success = False
msg += "--Maximum drift over runs: {:.2f} degrees\n".format(max_drift)
if band_success is False:
msg += "Failure!\n"
# Print a newline to separate frequency bands
msg += "\n"
logger.info("Printing statistics!\n%s", msg)
return success
def main():
"""RX samples and write to file"""
args = parse_args()
# Setup a usrp device
usrp = setup_usrp(args)
if usrp is None:
return False
# Setup source generator
from uhd_rf_test import uhd_source_gen
src_gen = uhd_source_gen.get_source_generator(
logger, args.source_plugin, **split_args(args.source_args))
### General test description ###
# 1. Split the frequency range of our device into bands. For each of these
# bands, we'll pick a random frequency within the band to be our test
# frequency.
# 2. Again split the frequency range of our device into bands, this time
# using the number of trials we want to run to split the range. Pick a
# random frequency within each run band. Tune to that run frequency, then
# back to our test frequency.
# 3. Receive synchronized samples, and determine the phase alignment. Report
# statistics based on the alignment.
# 4. Once we've iterated through each test frequency, determine whether or
# not the test passed or failed.
# Determine the frequency bands we need to test
# We need to subtract the tone offset from the maximum frequency so that we
# never exceed it
# TODO: allow users to specify test frequencies in args
freq_bands = get_band_limits(args.start_freq,
args.stop_freq - args.tone_offset,
args.freq_bands)
# Frequency bands to tune away to
# TODO: make this based on the device's frequency range. This requires
# additional Python API bindings.
run_bands = get_band_limits(args.start_freq, args.stop_freq, args.runs)
nsamps = int(args.duration * args.rate)
st_args = uhd.usrp.StreamArgs("fc32", "sc16")
st_args.channels = args.channels
streamer = usrp.get_rx_stream(st_args)
# Make a big dictionary to store all of the reported statistics
# Keys are the starting test frequency of the band
# Values are lists of dictionaries of statistics
all_alignment_stats = {}
# Test phase alignment in each test frequency band
current_power = args.start_power
for freq_start, freq_stop in window(freq_bands):
# Pick a random center frequency between the start and stop frequencies
tune_freq = npr.uniform(freq_start, freq_stop)
if args.easy_tune:
# Round to the nearest MHz
tune_freq = np.round(tune_freq, -6)
# Request the SigGen tune to our test frequency plus some offset away
# the device's LO
src_gen.tune(tune_freq + args.tone_offset, current_power)
# This is where the magic happens!
# Store phase alignment statistics as a list of dictionaries
alignment_stats = []
for tune_away_start, tune_away_stop in window(run_bands):
# Try to get samples
for i in range(NUM_RETRIES):
# Tune to a random frequency in each of the frequency bands...
tune_away_freq = npr.uniform(tune_away_start, tune_away_stop)
tune_usrp(usrp, tune_away_freq, args.channels, args.lo_source)
time.sleep(args.skip_time)
logger.info("Receiving samples, take %d, (%.2fMHz -> %.2fMHz)",
i, tune_away_freq/1e6, tune_freq/1e6)
# Then tune back to our desired test frequency, and receive samples
samps = recv_aligned_num_samps(usrp,
streamer,
nsamps,
tune_freq,
args.lo_source,
args.channels)
if samps.size >= nsamps:
break
else:
streamer = None # Help the garbage collector
time.sleep(1)
streamer = usrp.get_rx_stream(st_args)
# If we have failed to get good samples, put an empty dict in the stats
else:
logger.error("Failed to receive aligned samples!")
alignment_stats.append({})
continue
alignment = np.angle(np.conj(samps[0]) * samps[1])
if args.plot:
plot_samps(samps, alignment,)
if args.save:
date_now = datetime.utcnow()
epoch = datetime(1970, 1, 1)
utc_now = int((date_now - epoch).total_seconds())
np.savez("phaseAligned_{}_{}khz.npz".format(
utc_now, int(tune_freq/1e3)), samps)
# Store the phase alignment stats
alignment_stats.append({
"mean": np.mean(alignment),
# Subtract the mean before calculating the stddev so we don't
# have rollover errors
"stddev": np.std(alignment - np.mean(alignment)),
"min": alignment.min(),
"max": alignment.max(),
"test_freq": tune_freq,
"run_freq": tune_away_freq
})
run_means = [run_stats.get("mean", 0.) for run_stats in alignment_stats]
run_stddevs = [run_stats.get("stddev", 0.) for run_stats in alignment_stats]
logger.debug("Test freq %.3fMHz health check: %.1f deg drift, %.2f deg max stddev",
tune_freq/1e6,
calc_max_drift(run_means) * 180 / np.pi,
max(run_stddevs) * 180. / np.pi)
if args.drift_threshold < calc_max_drift(run_means) * 180 / np.pi:
logger.info("Drift threshold of %.1f has been exceeded by %.1f degrees", args.drift_threshold, (calc_max_drift(run_means) * 180 / np.pi) - args.drift_threshold)
if args.stddev_threshold < max(run_stddevs) * 180. / np.pi:
logger.info("Max stddev threshold of %.2f has been exceeded by %.2f degrees", args.stddev_threshold, (max(run_stddevs) * 180. / np.pi) - args.stddev_threshold)
all_alignment_stats[freq_start] = alignment_stats
# Increment the power level for the next run
current_power += args.power_step
src_gen.tear_down()
return check_results(all_alignment_stats, args.drift_threshold, args.stddev_threshold)
if __name__ == "__main__":
# Setup the logger with our custom timestamp formatting
global logger
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
console = logging.StreamHandler()
logger.addHandler(console)
formatter = LogFormatter(fmt='[%(asctime)s] [%(levelname)s] %(message)s')
console.setFormatter(formatter)
sys.exit(not main())
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