aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/host/lib/usrp/device3
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'host/lib/usrp/device3')
-rw-r--r--host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_impl.cpp32
-rw-r--r--host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_impl.hpp7
-rw-r--r--host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_io_impl.cpp68
3 files changed, 52 insertions, 55 deletions
diff --git a/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_impl.cpp b/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_impl.cpp
index 50598a519..35faf601f 100644
--- a/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_impl.cpp
+++ b/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_impl.cpp
@@ -18,17 +18,16 @@
#include "device3_impl.hpp"
#include "graph_impl.hpp"
#include "ctrl_iface.hpp"
-#include <uhd/utils/msg.hpp>
+#include <uhd/utils/log.hpp>
#include <uhd/rfnoc/block_ctrl_base.hpp>
#include <boost/make_shared.hpp>
#include <algorithm>
-#define UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() UHD_LOGV(never)
+#define UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() UHD_LOGGER_TRACE("DEVICE3")
using namespace uhd::usrp;
device3_impl::device3_impl()
- : _sid_framer(0)
{
_type = uhd::device::USRP;
_async_md.reset(new async_md_type(1000/*messages deep*/));
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ void device3_impl::merge_channel_defs(
// - All block indices that are in chan_ids may be overwritten in the channel definition
// - If the channels in chan_ids are not yet in the property tree channel list,
// they are appended.
- BOOST_FOREACH(const std::string &chan_idx, curr_channels) {
+ for(const std::string &chan_idx: curr_channels) {
if (_tree->exists(chans_root / chan_idx)) {
rfnoc::block_id_t chan_block_id = _tree->access<rfnoc::block_id_t>(chans_root / chan_idx).get();
if (std::find(chan_ids.begin(), chan_ids.end(), chan_block_id) != chan_ids.end()) {
@@ -105,8 +104,7 @@ void device3_impl::enumerate_rfnoc_blocks(
size_t n_blocks,
size_t base_port,
const uhd::sid_t &base_sid,
- uhd::device_addr_t transport_args,
- uhd::endianness_t endianness
+ uhd::device_addr_t transport_args
) {
// entries that are already connected to this block
uhd::sid_t ctrl_sid = base_sid;
@@ -120,7 +118,7 @@ void device3_impl::enumerate_rfnoc_blocks(
// TODO: Clear out all the old block control classes
// 3) Create new block controllers
for (size_t i = 0; i < n_blocks; i++) {
- UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << "[RFNOC] ------- Block Setup -----------" << std::endl;
+ UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << "[RFNOC] ------- Block Setup -----------" ;
// First, make a transport for port number zero, because we always need that:
ctrl_sid.set_dst_xbarport(base_port + i);
ctrl_sid.set_dst_blockport(0);
@@ -131,24 +129,24 @@ void device3_impl::enumerate_rfnoc_blocks(
);
UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << str(boost::format("Setting up NoC-Shell Control for port #0 (SID: %s)...") % xport.send_sid.to_pp_string_hex());
uhd::rfnoc::ctrl_iface::sptr ctrl = uhd::rfnoc::ctrl_iface::make(
- endianness == ENDIANNESS_BIG,
+ xport.endianness == uhd::ENDIANNESS_BIG,
xport.send,
xport.recv,
xport.send_sid,
str(boost::format("CE_%02d_Port_%02X") % i % ctrl_sid.get_dst_endpoint())
);
- UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << "OK" << std::endl;
+ UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << "OK" ;
uint64_t noc_id = ctrl->peek64(uhd::rfnoc::SR_READBACK_REG_ID);
- UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << str(boost::format("Port %d: Found NoC-Block with ID %016X.") % int(ctrl_sid.get_dst_endpoint()) % noc_id) << std::endl;
+ UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << str(boost::format("Port %d: Found NoC-Block with ID %016X.") % int(ctrl_sid.get_dst_endpoint()) % noc_id) ;
uhd::rfnoc::make_args_t make_args;
uhd::rfnoc::blockdef::sptr block_def = uhd::rfnoc::blockdef::make_from_noc_id(noc_id);
if (not block_def) {
- UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << "Using default block configuration." << std::endl;
+ UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << "Using default block configuration." ;
block_def = uhd::rfnoc::blockdef::make_from_noc_id(uhd::rfnoc::DEFAULT_NOC_ID);
}
UHD_ASSERT_THROW(block_def);
make_args.ctrl_ifaces[0] = ctrl;
- BOOST_FOREACH(const size_t port_number, block_def->get_all_port_numbers()) {
+ for(const size_t port_number: block_def->get_all_port_numbers()) {
if (port_number == 0) { // We've already set this up
continue;
}
@@ -160,21 +158,23 @@ void device3_impl::enumerate_rfnoc_blocks(
);
UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << str(boost::format("Setting up NoC-Shell Control for port #%d (SID: %s)...") % port_number % xport1.send_sid.to_pp_string_hex());
uhd::rfnoc::ctrl_iface::sptr ctrl1 = uhd::rfnoc::ctrl_iface::make(
- endianness == ENDIANNESS_BIG,
+ xport1.endianness == uhd::ENDIANNESS_BIG,
xport1.send,
xport1.recv,
xport1.send_sid,
str(boost::format("CE_%02d_Port_%02d") % i % ctrl_sid.get_dst_endpoint())
);
- UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << "OK" << std::endl;
+ UHD_DEVICE3_LOG() << "OK" ;
make_args.ctrl_ifaces[port_number] = ctrl1;
}
make_args.base_address = xport.send_sid.get_dst();
make_args.device_index = device_index;
make_args.tree = subtree;
- make_args.is_big_endian = (endianness == ENDIANNESS_BIG);
- _rfnoc_block_ctrl.push_back(uhd::rfnoc::block_ctrl_base::make(make_args, noc_id));
+ { //Critical section for block_ctrl vector access
+ boost::lock_guard<boost::mutex> lock(_block_ctrl_mutex);
+ _rfnoc_block_ctrl.push_back(uhd::rfnoc::block_ctrl_base::make(make_args, noc_id));
+ }
}
}
diff --git a/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_impl.hpp b/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_impl.hpp
index 117e4af1c..c2ec26f80 100644
--- a/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_impl.hpp
+++ b/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_impl.hpp
@@ -134,7 +134,6 @@ protected:
virtual uhd::device_addr_t get_tx_hints(size_t) { return uhd::device_addr_t(); };
virtual uhd::device_addr_t get_rx_hints(size_t) { return uhd::device_addr_t(); };
- virtual uhd::endianness_t get_transport_endianness(size_t mb_index) = 0;
//! Is called after a streamer is generated
virtual void post_streamer_hooks(uhd::direction_t) {};
@@ -167,16 +166,12 @@ protected:
size_t n_blocks,
size_t base_port,
const uhd::sid_t &base_sid,
- uhd::device_addr_t transport_args,
- uhd::endianness_t endianness
+ uhd::device_addr_t transport_args
);
/***********************************************************************
* Members
**********************************************************************/
- //! A counter, designed to create unique SIDs
- size_t _sid_framer;
-
// TODO: Maybe move these to private
uhd::dict<std::string, boost::weak_ptr<uhd::rx_streamer> > _rx_streamers;
uhd::dict<std::string, boost::weak_ptr<uhd::tx_streamer> > _tx_streamers;
diff --git a/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_io_impl.cpp b/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_io_impl.cpp
index 199cb2786..1668846c2 100644
--- a/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_io_impl.cpp
+++ b/host/lib/usrp/device3/device3_io_impl.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
#include <uhd/rfnoc/sink_block_ctrl_base.hpp>
#include <uhd/utils/byteswap.hpp>
#include <uhd/utils/log.hpp>
-#include <uhd/utils/msg.hpp>
+
#include "../common/async_packet_handler.hpp"
#include "../../transport/super_recv_packet_handler.hpp"
#include "../../transport/super_send_packet_handler.hpp"
@@ -34,7 +34,8 @@
#include <uhd/transport/zero_copy_flow_ctrl.hpp>
#include <boost/atomic.hpp>
-#define UHD_STREAMER_LOG() UHD_LOGV(never)
+#define UHD_TX_STREAMER_LOG() UHD_LOGGER_TRACE("STREAMER")
+#define UHD_RX_STREAMER_LOG() UHD_LOGGER_TRACE("STREAMER")
using namespace uhd;
using namespace uhd::usrp;
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ void generate_channel_list(
}
// Add all remaining args to all channel args
- BOOST_FOREACH(device_addr_t &chan_arg, chan_args_) {
+ for(device_addr_t &chan_arg: chan_args_) {
chan_arg = chan_arg.to_string() + "," + args.args.to_string();
}
@@ -251,7 +252,7 @@ static void handle_rx_flowctrl(
// Super-verbose mode:
//static size_t fc_pkt_count = 0;
- //UHD_MSG(status) << "sending flow ctrl packet " << fc_pkt_count++ << ", acking " << str(boost::format("%04d\tseq_sw==0x%08x") % last_seq % seq32) << std::endl;
+ //UHD_LOGGER_INFO("STREAMER") << "sending flow ctrl packet " << fc_pkt_count++ << ", acking " << str(boost::format("%04d\tseq_sw==0x%08x") % last_seq % seq32) ;
//load packet info
vrt::if_packet_info_t packet_info;
@@ -445,7 +446,7 @@ static void handle_tx_async_msgs(
}
catch(const std::exception &ex)
{
- UHD_MSG(error) << "Error parsing async message packet: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
+ UHD_LOGGER_ERROR("STREAMER") << "Error parsing async message packet: " << ex.what() ;
return;
}
@@ -499,8 +500,8 @@ bool device3_impl::recv_async_msg(
**********************************************************************/
void device3_impl::update_rx_streamers(double /* rate */)
{
- BOOST_FOREACH(const std::string &block_id, _rx_streamers.keys()) {
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[Device3] updating RX streamer to " << block_id << std::endl;
+ for(const std::string &block_id: _rx_streamers.keys()) {
+ UHD_RX_STREAMER_LOG() << "updating RX streamer to " << block_id;
boost::shared_ptr<sph::recv_packet_streamer> my_streamer =
boost::dynamic_pointer_cast<sph::recv_packet_streamer>(_rx_streamers[block_id].lock());
if (my_streamer) {
@@ -517,7 +518,7 @@ void device3_impl::update_rx_streamers(double /* rate */)
if (scaling == rfnoc::scalar_node_ctrl::SCALE_UNDEFINED) {
scaling = 1/32767.;
}
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << " New tick_rate == " << tick_rate << " New samp_rate == " << samp_rate << " New scaling == " << scaling << std::endl;
+ UHD_RX_STREAMER_LOG() << " New tick_rate == " << tick_rate << " New samp_rate == " << samp_rate << " New scaling == " << scaling ;
my_streamer->set_tick_rate(tick_rate);
my_streamer->set_samp_rate(samp_rate);
@@ -546,7 +547,7 @@ rx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_rx_stream(const stream_args_t &args_)
for (size_t stream_i = 0; stream_i < chan_list.size(); stream_i++) {
// Get block ID and mb index
uhd::rfnoc::block_id_t block_id = chan_list[stream_i];
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[RX Streamer] chan " << stream_i << " connecting to " << block_id << std::endl;
+ UHD_RX_STREAMER_LOG() << "chan " << stream_i << " connecting to " << block_id ;
// Update args so args.args is always valid for this particular channel:
args.args = chan_args[stream_i];
size_t mb_index = block_id.get_device_no();
@@ -574,20 +575,20 @@ rx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_rx_stream(const stream_args_t &args_)
//allocate sid and create transport
uhd::sid_t stream_address = blk_ctrl->get_address(block_port);
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[RX Streamer] creating rx stream " << rx_hints.to_string() << std::endl;
+ UHD_RX_STREAMER_LOG() << "creating rx stream " << rx_hints.to_string() ;
both_xports_t xport = make_transport(stream_address, RX_DATA, rx_hints);
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << std::hex << "[RX Streamer] data_sid = " << xport.send_sid << std::dec << " actual recv_buff_size = " << xport.recv_buff_size << std::endl;
+ UHD_RX_STREAMER_LOG() << std::hex << "data_sid = " << xport.send_sid << std::dec << " actual recv_buff_size = " << xport.recv_buff_size ;
// Configure the block
blk_ctrl->set_destination(xport.send_sid.get_src(), block_port);
blk_ctrl->sr_write(uhd::rfnoc::SR_RESP_OUT_DST_SID, xport.send_sid.get_src(), block_port);
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[RX Streamer] resp_out_dst_sid == " << xport.send_sid.get_src() << std::endl;
+ UHD_RX_STREAMER_LOG() << "resp_out_dst_sid == " << xport.send_sid.get_src() ;
// Find all upstream radio nodes and set their response in SID to the host
std::vector<boost::shared_ptr<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl> > upstream_radio_nodes = blk_ctrl->find_upstream_node<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl>();
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[RX Streamer] Number of upstream radio nodes: " << upstream_radio_nodes.size() << std::endl;
- BOOST_FOREACH(const boost::shared_ptr<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl> &node, upstream_radio_nodes) {
+ UHD_RX_STREAMER_LOG() << "Number of upstream radio nodes: " << upstream_radio_nodes.size();
+ for(const boost::shared_ptr<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl> &node: upstream_radio_nodes) {
node->sr_write(uhd::rfnoc::SR_RESP_OUT_DST_SID, xport.send_sid.get_src(), block_port);
}
@@ -596,7 +597,7 @@ rx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_rx_stream(const stream_args_t &args_)
const size_t bpp = xport.recv->get_recv_frame_size() - stream_options.rx_max_len_hdr; // bytes per packet
const size_t bpi = convert::get_bytes_per_item(args.otw_format); // bytes per item
const size_t spp = std::min(args.args.cast<size_t>("spp", bpp/bpi), bpp/bpi); // samples per packet
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[RX Streamer] spp == " << spp << std::endl;
+ UHD_RX_STREAMER_LOG() << "spp == " << spp ;
//make the new streamer given the samples per packet
if (not my_streamer)
@@ -605,7 +606,7 @@ rx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_rx_stream(const stream_args_t &args_)
//init some streamer stuff
std::string conv_endianness;
- if (get_transport_endianness(mb_index) == ENDIANNESS_BIG) {
+ if (xport.endianness == ENDIANNESS_BIG) {
my_streamer->set_vrt_unpacker(&vrt::chdr::if_hdr_unpack_be);
conv_endianness = "be";
} else {
@@ -625,7 +626,7 @@ rx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_rx_stream(const stream_args_t &args_)
const size_t pkt_size = spp * bpi + stream_options.rx_max_len_hdr;
const size_t fc_window = get_rx_flow_control_window(pkt_size, xport.recv_buff_size, rx_hints);
const size_t fc_handle_window = std::max<size_t>(1, fc_window / stream_options.rx_fc_request_freq);
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG()<< "[RX Streamer] Flow Control Window (minus one) = " << fc_window-1 << ", Flow Control Handler Window = " << fc_handle_window << std::endl;
+ UHD_RX_STREAMER_LOG()<< "Flow Control Window (minus one) = " << fc_window-1 << ", Flow Control Handler Window = " << fc_handle_window ;
blk_ctrl->configure_flow_control_out(
fc_window-1, // Leave one space for overrun packets TODO make this obsolete
block_port
@@ -658,7 +659,7 @@ rx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_rx_stream(const stream_args_t &args_)
&handle_rx_flowctrl,
xport.send_sid,
xport.send,
- get_transport_endianness(mb_index),
+ xport.endianness,
fc_cache,
_1
),
@@ -701,8 +702,8 @@ rx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_rx_stream(const stream_args_t &args_)
**********************************************************************/
void device3_impl::update_tx_streamers(double /* rate */)
{
- BOOST_FOREACH(const std::string &block_id, _tx_streamers.keys()) {
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[Device3] updating TX streamer: " << block_id << std::endl;
+ for(const std::string &block_id: _tx_streamers.keys()) {
+ UHD_TX_STREAMER_LOG() << "updating TX streamer: " << block_id;
boost::shared_ptr<sph::send_packet_streamer> my_streamer =
boost::dynamic_pointer_cast<sph::send_packet_streamer>(_tx_streamers[block_id].lock());
if (my_streamer) {
@@ -718,7 +719,7 @@ void device3_impl::update_tx_streamers(double /* rate */)
if (scaling == rfnoc::scalar_node_ctrl::SCALE_UNDEFINED) {
scaling = 32767.;
}
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << " New tick_rate == " << tick_rate << " New samp_rate == " << samp_rate << " New scaling == " << scaling << std::endl;
+ UHD_TX_STREAMER_LOG() << "New tick_rate == " << tick_rate << " New samp_rate == " << samp_rate << " New scaling == " << scaling ;
my_streamer->set_tick_rate(tick_rate);
my_streamer->set_samp_rate(samp_rate);
my_streamer->set_scale_factor(scaling);
@@ -777,16 +778,16 @@ tx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_tx_stream(const uhd::stream_args_t &args_)
//allocate sid and create transport
uhd::sid_t stream_address = blk_ctrl->get_address(block_port);
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[TX Streamer] creating tx stream " << tx_hints.to_string() << std::endl;
+ UHD_TX_STREAMER_LOG() << "creating tx stream " << tx_hints.to_string() ;
both_xports_t xport = make_transport(stream_address, TX_DATA, tx_hints);
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << std::hex << "[TX Streamer] data_sid = " << xport.send_sid << std::dec << std::endl;
+ UHD_TX_STREAMER_LOG() << std::hex << "data_sid = " << xport.send_sid << std::dec ;
// To calculate the max number of samples per packet, we assume the maximum header length
// to avoid fragmentation should the entire header be used.
const size_t bpp = tx_hints.cast<size_t>("bpp", xport.send->get_send_frame_size()) - stream_options.tx_max_len_hdr;
const size_t bpi = convert::get_bytes_per_item(args.otw_format); // bytes per item
const size_t spp = std::min(args.args.cast<size_t>("spp", bpp/bpi), bpp/bpi); // samples per packet
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[TX Streamer] spp == " << spp << std::endl;
+ UHD_TX_STREAMER_LOG() << "spp == " << spp ;
//make the new streamer given the samples per packet
if (not my_streamer)
@@ -795,7 +796,7 @@ tx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_tx_stream(const uhd::stream_args_t &args_)
//init some streamer stuff
std::string conv_endianness;
- if (get_transport_endianness(mb_index) == ENDIANNESS_BIG) {
+ if (xport.endianness == ENDIANNESS_BIG) {
my_streamer->set_vrt_packer(&vrt::chdr::if_hdr_pack_be);
conv_endianness = "be";
} else {
@@ -820,7 +821,7 @@ tx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_tx_stream(const uhd::stream_args_t &args_)
tx_hints // This can override the value reported by the block!
);
const size_t fc_handle_window = std::max<size_t>(1, fc_window / stream_options.tx_fc_response_freq);
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[TX Streamer] Flow Control Window = " << fc_window << ", Flow Control Handler Window = " << fc_handle_window << std::endl;
+ UHD_TX_STREAMER_LOG() << "Flow Control Window = " << fc_window << ", Flow Control Handler Window = " << fc_handle_window ;
blk_ctrl->configure_flow_control_in(
stream_options.tx_fc_response_cycles,
fc_handle_window, /*pkts*/
@@ -843,14 +844,14 @@ tx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_tx_stream(const uhd::stream_args_t &args_)
&handle_tx_async_msgs,
fc_cache,
xport.recv,
- get_transport_endianness(mb_index),
+ xport.endianness,
tick_rate_retriever
)
);
blk_ctrl->sr_write(uhd::rfnoc::SR_CLEAR_RX_FC, 0xc1ea12, block_port);
blk_ctrl->sr_write(uhd::rfnoc::SR_RESP_IN_DST_SID, xport.recv_sid.get_dst(), block_port);
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[TX Streamer] resp_in_dst_sid == " << boost::format("0x%04X") % xport.recv_sid.get_dst() << std::endl;
+ UHD_TX_STREAMER_LOG() << "resp_in_dst_sid == " << boost::format("0x%04X") % xport.recv_sid.get_dst() ;
// FIXME: Once there is a better way to map the radio block and port
// to the channel or another way to receive asynchronous messages that
@@ -861,8 +862,8 @@ tx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_tx_stream(const uhd::stream_args_t &args_)
uhd::rfnoc::block_id_t radio_id(args.args["radio_id"]);
size_t radio_port = args.args.cast<size_t>("radio_port", 0);
std::vector<boost::shared_ptr<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl> > downstream_radio_nodes = blk_ctrl->find_downstream_node<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl>();
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[TX Streamer] Number of downstream radio nodes: " << downstream_radio_nodes.size() << std::endl;
- BOOST_FOREACH(const boost::shared_ptr<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl> &node, downstream_radio_nodes) {
+ UHD_TX_STREAMER_LOG() << "Number of downstream radio nodes: " << downstream_radio_nodes.size();
+ for(const boost::shared_ptr<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl> &node: downstream_radio_nodes) {
if (node->get_block_id() == radio_id) {
node->sr_write(uhd::rfnoc::SR_RESP_IN_DST_SID, xport.send_sid.get_src(), radio_port);
}
@@ -875,8 +876,8 @@ tx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_tx_stream(const uhd::stream_args_t &args_)
// soon as possible.
// Find all downstream radio nodes and set their response SID to the host
std::vector<boost::shared_ptr<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl> > downstream_radio_nodes = blk_ctrl->find_downstream_node<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl>();
- UHD_STREAMER_LOG() << "[TX Streamer] Number of downstream radio nodes: " << downstream_radio_nodes.size() << std::endl;
- BOOST_FOREACH(const boost::shared_ptr<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl> &node, downstream_radio_nodes) {
+ UHD_TX_STREAMER_LOG() << "Number of downstream radio nodes: " << downstream_radio_nodes.size();
+ for(const boost::shared_ptr<uhd::rfnoc::radio_ctrl> &node: downstream_radio_nodes) {
node->sr_write(uhd::rfnoc::SR_RESP_IN_DST_SID, xport.send_sid.get_src(), block_port);
}
}
@@ -885,7 +886,8 @@ tx_streamer::sptr device3_impl::get_tx_stream(const uhd::stream_args_t &args_)
xport.send = zero_copy_flow_ctrl::make(
xport.send,
boost::bind(&tx_flow_ctrl, task, fc_cache, fc_window, _1),
- NULL);
+ 0
+ );
//Give the streamer a functor to get the send buffer
//get_tx_buff is static so bind has no lifetime issues