path: root/libSBRenc/src/tran_det.cpp

/* -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Software License for The Fraunhofer FDK AAC Codec Library for Android

� Copyright  1995 - 2015 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur F�rderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
  All rights reserved.

 1.    INTRODUCTION
The Fraunhofer FDK AAC Codec Library for Android ("FDK AAC Codec") is software that implements
the MPEG Advanced Audio Coding ("AAC") encoding and decoding scheme for digital audio.
This FDK AAC Codec software is intended to be used on a wide variety of Android devices.

AAC's HE-AAC and HE-AAC v2 versions are regarded as today's most efficient general perceptual
audio codecs. AAC-ELD is considered the best-performing full-bandwidth communications codec by
independent studies and is widely deployed. AAC has been standardized by ISO and IEC as part
of the MPEG specifications.

Patent licenses for necessary patent claims for the FDK AAC Codec (including those of Fraunhofer)
may be obtained through Via Licensing (www.vialicensing.com) or through the respective patent owners
individually for the purpose of encoding or decoding bit streams in products that are compliant with
the ISO/IEC MPEG audio standards. Please note that most manufacturers of Android devices already license
these patent claims through Via Licensing or directly from the patent owners, and therefore FDK AAC Codec
software may already be covered under those patent licenses when it is used for those licensed purposes only.

Commercially-licensed AAC software libraries, including floating-point versions with enhanced sound quality,
are also available from Fraunhofer. Users are encouraged to check the Fraunhofer website for additional
applications information and documentation.

2.    COPYRIGHT LICENSE

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted without
payment of copyright license fees provided that you satisfy the following conditions:

You must retain the complete text of this software license in redistributions of the FDK AAC Codec or
your modifications thereto in source code form.

You must retain the complete text of this software license in the documentation and/or other materials
provided with redistributions of the FDK AAC Codec or your modifications thereto in binary form.
You must make available free of charge copies of the complete source code of the FDK AAC Codec and your
modifications thereto to recipients of copies in binary form.

The name of Fraunhofer may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this library without
prior written permission.

You may not charge copyright license fees for anyone to use, copy or distribute the FDK AAC Codec
software or your modifications thereto.

Your modified versions of the FDK AAC Codec must carry prominent notices stating that you changed the software
and the date of any change. For modified versions of the FDK AAC Codec, the term
"Fraunhofer FDK AAC Codec Library for Android" must be replaced by the term
"Third-Party Modified Version of the Fraunhofer FDK AAC Codec Library for Android."

3.    NO PATENT LICENSE

NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED LICENSES TO ANY PATENT CLAIMS, including without limitation the patents of Fraunhofer,
ARE GRANTED BY THIS SOFTWARE LICENSE. Fraunhofer provides no warranty of patent non-infringement with
respect to this software.

You may use this FDK AAC Codec software or modifications thereto only for purposes that are authorized
by appropriate patent licenses.

4.    DISCLAIMER

This FDK AAC Codec software is provided by Fraunhofer on behalf of the copyright holders and contributors
"AS IS" and WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, including but not limited to the implied warranties
of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, exemplary, or consequential damages,
including but not limited to procurement of substitute goods or services; loss of use, data, or profits,
or business interruption, however caused and on any theory of liability, whether in contract, strict
liability, or tort (including negligence), arising in any way out of the use of this software, even if
advised of the possibility of such damage.

5.    CONTACT INFORMATION

Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS
Attention: Audio and Multimedia Departments - FDK AAC LL
Am Wolfsmantel 33
91058 Erlangen, Germany

www.iis.fraunhofer.de/amm
amm-info@iis.fraunhofer.de
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#include "tran_det.h"

#include "fram_gen.h"
#include "sbr_ram.h"
#include "sbr_misc.h"

#include "genericStds.h"

#define NORM_QMF_ENERGY 9.31322574615479E-10 /* 2^-30 */

/* static FIXP_DBL ABS_THRES = fixMax( FL2FXCONST_DBL(1.28e5 *  NORM_QMF_ENERGY), (FIXP_DBL)1)  Minimum threshold for detecting changes */
#define ABS_THRES ((FIXP_DBL)16)

/*******************************************************************************
 Functionname:  spectralChange
 *******************************************************************************
 \brief   Calculates a measure for the spectral change within the frame

 The function says how good it would be to split the frame at the given border
 position into 2 envelopes.

 The return value delta_sum is scaled with the factor 1/64

 \return  calculated value
*******************************************************************************/
#define NRG_SHIFT  3 /* for energy summation */

static FIXP_DBL spectralChange(FIXP_DBL Energies[NUMBER_TIME_SLOTS_2304][MAX_FREQ_COEFFS],
                               INT *scaleEnergies,
                               FIXP_DBL EnergyTotal,
                               INT nSfb,
                               INT start,
                               INT border,
                               INT YBufferWriteOffset,
                               INT stop,
                               INT *result_e)
{
  INT i,j;
  INT len1,len2;
  SCHAR energies_e_diff[NUMBER_TIME_SLOTS_2304], energies_e, energyTotal_e=19, energies_e_add;
  SCHAR prevEnergies_e_diff, newEnergies_e_diff;
  FIXP_DBL tmp0,tmp1;
  FIXP_DBL accu1,accu2,accu1_init,accu2_init;
  FIXP_DBL delta, delta_sum;
  INT accu_e, tmp_e;

  delta_sum = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
  *result_e = 0;

  len1 = border-start;
  len2 = stop-border;

  /* prefer borders near the middle of the frame */
  FIXP_DBL   pos_weight;
  pos_weight = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.5f) - (len1*GetInvInt(len1+len2));
  pos_weight = /*FL2FXCONST_DBL(1.0)*/ (FIXP_DBL)MAXVAL_DBL - (fMult(pos_weight, pos_weight)<<2);

  /*** Calc scaling for energies ***/
  FDK_ASSERT(scaleEnergies[0] >= 0);
  FDK_ASSERT(scaleEnergies[1] >= 0);

  energies_e = 19 - FDKmin(scaleEnergies[0], scaleEnergies[1]);

  /* limit shift for energy accumulation, energies_e can be -10 min. */
  if (energies_e < -10) {
     energies_e_add = -10 - energies_e;
     energies_e = -10;
  } else if (energies_e > 17) {
     energies_e_add = energies_e - 17;
     energies_e = 17;
  } else {
     energies_e_add = 0;
  }

  /* compensate scaling differences between scaleEnergies[0] and scaleEnergies[1]  */
  prevEnergies_e_diff = scaleEnergies[0] - FDKmin(scaleEnergies[0], scaleEnergies[1]) + energies_e_add + NRG_SHIFT;
  newEnergies_e_diff  = scaleEnergies[1] - FDKmin(scaleEnergies[0], scaleEnergies[1]) + energies_e_add + NRG_SHIFT;

  prevEnergies_e_diff = fMin(prevEnergies_e_diff, DFRACT_BITS-1);
  newEnergies_e_diff  = fMin(newEnergies_e_diff,  DFRACT_BITS-1);

  for (i=start; i<YBufferWriteOffset; i++) {
    energies_e_diff[i] = prevEnergies_e_diff;
  }
  for (i=YBufferWriteOffset; i<stop; i++) {
    energies_e_diff[i] = newEnergies_e_diff;
  }

  /* Sum up energies of all QMF-timeslots for both halfs */
  FDK_ASSERT(len1<=8); /* otherwise an overflow is possible */
  FDK_ASSERT(len2<=8); /* otherwise an overflow is possible */
  /* init with some energy to prevent division by zero
      and to prevent splitting for very low levels */
  accu1_init = scaleValue((FL2FXCONST_DBL((1.0e6*NORM_QMF_ENERGY))),-energies_e);
  accu2_init = scaleValue((FL2FXCONST_DBL((1.0e6*NORM_QMF_ENERGY))),-energies_e);
  accu1_init = fMult(accu1_init, (FIXP_DBL)len1<<((DFRACT_BITS-1)-NRG_SHIFT-1))<<1;
  accu2_init = fMult(accu2_init, (FIXP_DBL)len2<<((DFRACT_BITS-1)-NRG_SHIFT-1))<<1;

  for (j=0; j<nSfb; j++) {

    accu1 = accu1_init;
    accu2 = accu2_init;
    accu_e = energies_e+3;

    /* Sum up energies in first half */
    for (i=start; i<border; i++) {
      accu1 += scaleValue(Energies[i][j], -energies_e_diff[i]);
    }

    /* Sum up energies in second half */
    for (i=border; i<stop; i++) {
      accu2 += scaleValue(Energies[i][j], -energies_e_diff[i]);
    }

    /* Energy change in current band */
    #define LN2 FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.6931471806f) /* ln(2) */
    tmp0 = fLog2(accu2, accu_e) - fLog2(accu1, accu_e);
    tmp1 = fLog2((FIXP_DBL)len1, 31) - fLog2((FIXP_DBL)len2, 31);
    delta = fMult(LN2, (tmp0 + tmp1));
    delta = (FIXP_DBL)FDKabs( delta );

    /* Weighting with amplitude ratio of this band */
    accu_e++;
    accu1>>=1;
    accu2>>=1;
    if (accu_e & 1) {
      accu_e++;
      accu1>>=1;
      accu2>>=1;
    }

    delta_sum += fMult(sqrtFixp(accu1+accu2), delta);
    *result_e = ((accu_e>>1) + LD_DATA_SHIFT);
  }

  energyTotal_e+=1; /* for a defined square result exponent, the exponent has to be even */
  EnergyTotal<<=1;
  delta_sum = fMult(delta_sum, invSqrtNorm2(EnergyTotal, &tmp_e));
  *result_e = *result_e + (tmp_e-(energyTotal_e>>1));

  return fMult(delta_sum, pos_weight);

}


/*******************************************************************************
 Functionname:  addLowbandEnergies
 *******************************************************************************
 \brief   Calculates total lowband energy

 The input values Energies[0] (low-band) are scaled by the factor
 2^(14-*scaleEnergies[0])
 The input values Energies[1] (high-band) are scaled by the factor
 2^(14-*scaleEnergies[1])

 \return  total energy in the lowband, scaled by the factor 2^19
*******************************************************************************/
static FIXP_DBL addLowbandEnergies(FIXP_DBL **Energies,
                                   int       *scaleEnergies,
                                   int        YBufferWriteOffset,
                                   int        nrgSzShift,
                                   int        tran_off,
                                   UCHAR     *freqBandTable,
                                   int        slots)
{
  FIXP_DBL nrgTotal;
  FIXP_DBL accu1 = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
  FIXP_DBL accu2 = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
  int tran_offdiv2 = tran_off>>nrgSzShift;
  int ts,k;

  /* Sum up lowband energy from one frame at offset tran_off */
  /* freqBandTable[LORES] has MAX_FREQ_COEFFS/2 +1 coeefs max. */
  for (ts=tran_offdiv2; ts<YBufferWriteOffset; ts++) {
    for (k = 0; k < freqBandTable[0]; k++) {
      accu1 += Energies[ts][k] >> 6;
    }
  }
  for (; ts<tran_offdiv2+(slots>>nrgSzShift); ts++) {
    for (k = 0; k < freqBandTable[0]; k++) {
      accu2 += Energies[ts][k] >> 9;
    }
  }

  nrgTotal = ( scaleValueSaturate(accu1, 1-scaleEnergies[0]) )
           + ( scaleValueSaturate(accu2, 4-scaleEnergies[1]) );

  return(nrgTotal);
}


/*******************************************************************************
 Functionname:  addHighbandEnergies
 *******************************************************************************
 \brief   Add highband energies

 Highband energies are mapped to an array with smaller dimension:
 Its time resolution is only 1 SBR-timeslot and its frequency resolution
 is 1 SBR-band. Therefore the data to be fed into the spectralChange
 function is reduced.

 The values EnergiesM are scaled by the factor (2^19-scaleEnergies[0]) for
 slots<YBufferWriteOffset and by the factor (2^19-scaleEnergies[1]) for
 slots>=YBufferWriteOffset.

 \return  total energy in the highband, scaled by factor 2^19
*******************************************************************************/

static FIXP_DBL addHighbandEnergies(FIXP_DBL **RESTRICT Energies, /*!< input */
                                    INT       *scaleEnergies,
                                    INT        YBufferWriteOffset,
                                    FIXP_DBL   EnergiesM[NUMBER_TIME_SLOTS_2304][MAX_FREQ_COEFFS], /*!< Combined output */
                                    UCHAR     *RESTRICT freqBandTable,
                                    INT        nSfb,
                                    INT        sbrSlots,
                                    INT        timeStep)
{
  INT i,j,k,slotIn,slotOut,scale[2];
  INT li,ui;
  FIXP_DBL nrgTotal;
  FIXP_DBL accu = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);

  /* Combine QMF-timeslots to SBR-timeslots,
     combine QMF-bands to SBR-bands,
     combine Left and Right channel */
  for (slotOut=0; slotOut<sbrSlots; slotOut++) {
    slotIn = timeStep*slotOut;

    for (j=0; j<nSfb; j++) {
      accu = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);

      li = freqBandTable[j];
      ui = freqBandTable[j + 1];

      for (k=li; k<ui; k++) {
        for (i=0; i<timeStep; i++) {
         accu += (Energies[(slotIn+i)>>1][k] >> 5);
        }
      }
      EnergiesM[slotOut][j] = accu;
    }
  }

  /* scale energies down before add up */
  scale[0] = fixMin(8,scaleEnergies[0]);
  scale[1] = fixMin(8,scaleEnergies[1]);

  if ((scaleEnergies[0]-scale[0]) > (DFRACT_BITS-1) || (scaleEnergies[1]-scale[0]) > (DFRACT_BITS-1))
    nrgTotal = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
  else {
    /* Now add all energies */
    accu = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);

    for (slotOut=0; slotOut<YBufferWriteOffset; slotOut++) {
      for (j=0; j<nSfb; j++) {
        accu += (EnergiesM[slotOut][j] >> scale[0]);
      }
    }
    nrgTotal = accu >> (scaleEnergies[0]-scale[0]);

    for (slotOut=YBufferWriteOffset; slotOut<sbrSlots; slotOut++) {
      for (j=0; j<nSfb; j++) {
        accu += (EnergiesM[slotOut][j] >> scale[0]);
      }
    }
    nrgTotal = accu >> (scaleEnergies[1]-scale[1]);
  }

  return(nrgTotal);
}


/*******************************************************************************
 Functionname:  FDKsbrEnc_frameSplitter
 *******************************************************************************
 \brief   Decides if a FIXFIX-frame shall be splitted into 2 envelopes

 If no transient has been detected before, the frame can still be splitted
 into 2 envelopes.
*******************************************************************************/
void
FDKsbrEnc_frameSplitter(FIXP_DBL **Energies,
                        INT *scaleEnergies,
                        HANDLE_SBR_TRANSIENT_DETECTOR h_sbrTransientDetector,
                        UCHAR *freqBandTable,
                        UCHAR *tran_vector,
                        int YBufferWriteOffset,
                        int YBufferSzShift,
                        int nSfb,
                        int timeStep,
                        int no_cols,
                        FIXP_DBL* tonality)
{
  if (tran_vector[1]==0) /* no transient was detected */
  {
    FIXP_DBL delta;
    INT delta_e;
    FIXP_DBL (*EnergiesM)[MAX_FREQ_COEFFS];
    FIXP_DBL EnergyTotal,newLowbandEnergy,newHighbandEnergy;
    INT border;
    INT sbrSlots = fMultI(GetInvInt(timeStep),no_cols);
    C_ALLOC_SCRATCH_START(_EnergiesM, FIXP_DBL, NUMBER_TIME_SLOTS_2304*MAX_FREQ_COEFFS)

    FDK_ASSERT( sbrSlots * timeStep == no_cols );

    EnergiesM = (FIXP_DBL(*)[MAX_FREQ_COEFFS])_EnergiesM;

    /*
      Get Lowband-energy over a range of 2 frames (Look half a frame back and ahead).
    */
    newLowbandEnergy = addLowbandEnergies(Energies,
                                          scaleEnergies,
                                          YBufferWriteOffset,
                                          YBufferSzShift,
                                          h_sbrTransientDetector->tran_off,
                                          freqBandTable,
                                          no_cols);

    newHighbandEnergy = addHighbandEnergies(Energies,
                                            scaleEnergies,
                                            YBufferWriteOffset,
                                            EnergiesM,
                                            freqBandTable,
                                            nSfb,
                                            sbrSlots,
                                            timeStep);

    {
      /* prevLowBandEnergy: Corresponds to 1 frame, starting with half a frame look-behind
         newLowbandEnergy:  Corresponds to 1 frame, starting in the middle of the current frame */
      EnergyTotal = (newLowbandEnergy + h_sbrTransientDetector->prevLowBandEnergy) >> 1;
      EnergyTotal += newHighbandEnergy;
      /* The below border should specify the same position as the middle border
         of a FIXFIX-frame with 2 envelopes. */
      border = (sbrSlots+1) >> 1;

      if ( (INT)EnergyTotal&0xffffffe0 && (scaleEnergies[0]<32 || scaleEnergies[1]<32) ) /* i.e. > 31 */ {
      delta = spectralChange(EnergiesM,
                             scaleEnergies,
                             EnergyTotal,
                             nSfb,
                             0,
                             border,
                             YBufferWriteOffset,
                             sbrSlots,
                            &delta_e
                             );
      } else {
        delta = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
        delta_e = 0;

        /* set tonality to 0 when energy is very low, since the amplitude
           resolution should then be low as well                          */
        *tonality = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
      }


      if ( fIsLessThan(h_sbrTransientDetector->split_thr_m, h_sbrTransientDetector->split_thr_e, delta, delta_e) ) {
        tran_vector[0] = 1; /* Set flag for splitting */
      } else {
        tran_vector[0] = 0;
      }

    }

    /* Update prevLowBandEnergy */
    h_sbrTransientDetector->prevLowBandEnergy = newLowbandEnergy;
    h_sbrTransientDetector->prevHighBandEnergy = newHighbandEnergy;
    C_ALLOC_SCRATCH_END(_EnergiesM, FIXP_DBL, NUMBER_TIME_SLOTS_2304*MAX_FREQ_COEFFS)
  }
}

/*
 * Calculate transient energy threshold for each QMF band
 */
static void
calculateThresholds(FIXP_DBL **RESTRICT Energies,
                    INT       *RESTRICT scaleEnergies,
                    FIXP_DBL  *RESTRICT thresholds,
                    int        YBufferWriteOffset,
                    int        YBufferSzShift,
                    int        noCols,
                    int        noRows,
                    int        tran_off)
{
  FIXP_DBL mean_val,std_val,temp;
  FIXP_DBL i_noCols;
  FIXP_DBL i_noCols1;
  FIXP_DBL accu,accu0,accu1;
  int scaleFactor0,scaleFactor1,commonScale;
  int i,j;

  i_noCols  = GetInvInt(noCols + tran_off ) << YBufferSzShift;
  i_noCols1 = GetInvInt(noCols + tran_off - 1) << YBufferSzShift;

  /* calc minimum scale of energies of previous and current frame */
  commonScale = fixMin(scaleEnergies[0],scaleEnergies[1]);

  /* calc scalefactors to adapt energies to common scale */
  scaleFactor0 = fixMin((scaleEnergies[0]-commonScale), (DFRACT_BITS-1));
  scaleFactor1 = fixMin((scaleEnergies[1]-commonScale), (DFRACT_BITS-1));

  FDK_ASSERT((scaleFactor0 >= 0) && (scaleFactor1 >= 0));

  /* calculate standard deviation in every subband */
  for (i=0; i<noRows; i++)
  {
    int startEnergy = (tran_off>>YBufferSzShift);
    int endEnergy = ((noCols>>YBufferSzShift)+tran_off);
    int shift;

    /* calculate mean value over decimated energy values (downsampled by 2). */
    accu0 = accu1 = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);

    for (j=startEnergy; j<YBufferWriteOffset; j++)
      accu0 += fMult(Energies[j][i], i_noCols);
    for (; j<endEnergy; j++)
      accu1 += fMult(Energies[j][i], i_noCols);

    mean_val = (accu0 >> scaleFactor0) + (accu1 >> scaleFactor1);  /* average */
    shift    = fixMax(0,CountLeadingBits(mean_val)-6);             /* -6 to keep room for accumulating upto N = 24 values */

    /* calculate standard deviation */
    accu = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);

    /* summe { ((mean_val-nrg)^2) * i_noCols1 } */
    for (j=startEnergy; j<YBufferWriteOffset; j++) {
      temp = ((FIXP_DBL)mean_val - ((FIXP_DBL)Energies[j][i] >> scaleFactor0))<<shift;
      temp = fPow2(temp);
      temp = fMult(temp, i_noCols1);
      accu += temp;
    }
    for (; j<endEnergy; j++) {
      temp = ((FIXP_DBL)mean_val - ((FIXP_DBL)Energies[j][i] >> scaleFactor1))<<shift;
      temp = fPow2(temp);
      temp = fMult(temp, i_noCols1);
      accu += temp;
    }

    std_val = sqrtFixp(accu)>>shift;     /* standard deviation */

    /*
    Take new threshold as average of calculated standard deviation ratio
    and old threshold if greater than absolute threshold
    */
    temp = ( commonScale<=(DFRACT_BITS-1) )
            ? fMult(FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.66f), thresholds[i]) + (fMult(FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.34f), std_val) >> commonScale)
            : (FIXP_DBL) 0;

    thresholds[i] = fixMax(ABS_THRES,temp);

    FDK_ASSERT(commonScale >= 0);
  }
}

/*
 * Calculate transient levels for each QMF time slot.
 */
static void
extractTransientCandidates(FIXP_DBL  **RESTRICT Energies,
                           INT        *RESTRICT scaleEnergies,
                           FIXP_DBL   *RESTRICT thresholds,
                           FIXP_DBL   *RESTRICT transients,
                           int         YBufferWriteOffset,
                           int         YBufferSzShift,
                           int         noCols,
                           int         start_band,
                           int         stop_band,
                           int         tran_off,
                           int         addPrevSamples)
{
  FIXP_DBL i_thres;
  C_ALLOC_SCRATCH_START(EnergiesTemp, FIXP_DBL, 2*QMF_MAX_TIME_SLOTS);
  FIXP_DBL *RESTRICT pEnergiesTemp = EnergiesTemp;
  int tmpScaleEnergies0, tmpScaleEnergies1;
  int endCond;
  int startEnerg,endEnerg;
  int i,j,jIndex,jpBM;

  tmpScaleEnergies0 = scaleEnergies[0];
  tmpScaleEnergies1 = scaleEnergies[1];

  /* Scale value for first energies, upto YBufferWriteOffset */
  tmpScaleEnergies0 = fixMin(tmpScaleEnergies0, MAX_SHIFT_DBL);
  /* Scale value for first energies, from YBufferWriteOffset upwards */
  tmpScaleEnergies1 = fixMin(tmpScaleEnergies1, MAX_SHIFT_DBL);

  FDK_ASSERT((tmpScaleEnergies0 >= 0) && (tmpScaleEnergies1 >= 0));

  /* Keep addPrevSamples extra previous transient candidates. */
  FDKmemmove(transients, transients + noCols - addPrevSamples, (tran_off+addPrevSamples) * sizeof (FIXP_DBL));
  FDKmemclear(transients + tran_off + addPrevSamples, noCols * sizeof (FIXP_DBL));

  endCond = noCols; /* Amount of new transient values to be calculated. */
  startEnerg = (tran_off-3)>>YBufferSzShift; /* >>YBufferSzShift because of amount of energy values. -3 because of neighbors being watched. */
  endEnerg = ((noCols+ (YBufferWriteOffset<<YBufferSzShift))-1)>>YBufferSzShift; /* YBufferSzShift shifts because of half energy values. */

  /* Compute differential values with two different weightings in every subband */
  for (i=start_band; i<stop_band; i++)
  {
    FIXP_DBL thres = thresholds[i];

    if((LONG)thresholds[i]>=256)
      i_thres = (LONG)( (LONG)MAXVAL_DBL / ((((LONG)thresholds[i]))+1) )<<(32-24);
    else
      i_thres = (LONG)MAXVAL_DBL;

    /* Copy one timeslot and de-scale and de-squish */
    if (YBufferSzShift == 1) {
      for(j=startEnerg; j<YBufferWriteOffset; j++) {
        FIXP_DBL tmp = Energies[j][i];
        EnergiesTemp[(j<<1)+1] = EnergiesTemp[j<<1] = tmp>>tmpScaleEnergies0;
      }
      for(; j<=endEnerg; j++) {
        FIXP_DBL tmp = Energies[j][i];
        EnergiesTemp[(j<<1)+1] = EnergiesTemp[j<<1] = tmp>>tmpScaleEnergies1;
      }
    } else {
      for(j=startEnerg; j<YBufferWriteOffset; j++) {
        FIXP_DBL tmp = Energies[j][i];
        EnergiesTemp[j] = tmp>>tmpScaleEnergies0;
      }
      for(; j<=endEnerg; j++) {
        FIXP_DBL tmp = Energies[j][i];
        EnergiesTemp[j] = tmp>>tmpScaleEnergies1;
      }
    }

    /* Detect peaks in energy values. */

    jIndex = tran_off;
    jpBM = jIndex+addPrevSamples;

    for (j=endCond; j--; jIndex++, jpBM++)
    {

      FIXP_DBL delta, tran;
      int d;

      delta = (FIXP_DBL)0;
      tran  = (FIXP_DBL)0;

      for (d=1; d<4; d++) {
        delta += pEnergiesTemp[jIndex+d]; /* R */
        delta -= pEnergiesTemp[jIndex-d]; /* L */
        delta -= thres;

        if ( delta > (FIXP_DBL)0 ) {
          tran += fMult(i_thres, delta);
        }
      }
      transients[jpBM] += tran;
    }
  }
  C_ALLOC_SCRATCH_END(EnergiesTemp, FIXP_DBL, 2*QMF_MAX_TIME_SLOTS);
}

void
FDKsbrEnc_transientDetect(HANDLE_SBR_TRANSIENT_DETECTOR h_sbrTran,
                          FIXP_DBL **Energies,
                          INT *scaleEnergies,
                          UCHAR *transient_info,
                          int YBufferWriteOffset,
                          int YBufferSzShift,
                          int timeStep,
                          int frameMiddleBorder)
{
  int no_cols = h_sbrTran->no_cols;
  int qmfStartSample;
  int addPrevSamples;
  int timeStepShift=0;
  int i, cond;

  /* Where to start looking for transients in the transient candidate buffer */
  qmfStartSample = timeStep * frameMiddleBorder;
  /* We need to look one value backwards in the transients, so we might need one more previous value. */
  addPrevSamples = (qmfStartSample > 0) ? 0: 1;

  switch (timeStep) {
    case 1: timeStepShift = 0; break;
    case 2: timeStepShift = 1; break;
    case 4: timeStepShift = 2; break;
  }

  calculateThresholds(Energies,
                      scaleEnergies,
                      h_sbrTran->thresholds,
                      YBufferWriteOffset,
                      YBufferSzShift,
                      h_sbrTran->no_cols,
                      h_sbrTran->no_rows,
                      h_sbrTran->tran_off);

  extractTransientCandidates(Energies,
                             scaleEnergies,
                             h_sbrTran->thresholds,
                             h_sbrTran->transients,
                             YBufferWriteOffset,
                             YBufferSzShift,
                             h_sbrTran->no_cols,
                             0,
                             h_sbrTran->no_rows,
                             h_sbrTran->tran_off,
                             addPrevSamples );

  transient_info[0] = 0;
  transient_info[1] = 0;
  transient_info[2] = 0;

  /* Offset by the amount of additional previous transient candidates being kept. */
  qmfStartSample += addPrevSamples;

  /* Check for transients in second granule (pick the last value of subsequent values)  */
  for (i=qmfStartSample; i<qmfStartSample + no_cols; i++) {
    cond =    (h_sbrTran->transients[i] < fMult(FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.9f), h_sbrTran->transients[i - 1]) )
           && (h_sbrTran->transients[i - 1] > h_sbrTran->tran_thr);

    if (cond) {
      transient_info[0] = (i - qmfStartSample)>>timeStepShift;
      transient_info[1] = 1;
      break;
    }
  }

  if ( h_sbrTran->frameShift != 0) {
      /* transient prediction for LDSBR */
      /* Check for transients in first <frameShift> qmf-slots of second frame */
      for (i=qmfStartSample+no_cols; i<qmfStartSample + no_cols+h_sbrTran->frameShift; i++) {

        cond =    (h_sbrTran->transients[i] < fMult(FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.9f), h_sbrTran->transients[i - 1]) )
               && (h_sbrTran->transients[i - 1] > h_sbrTran->tran_thr);

        if (cond) {
          int pos = (int) ( (i - qmfStartSample-no_cols) >> timeStepShift );
          if ((pos < 3) && (transient_info[1]==0)) {
            transient_info[2] = 1;
          }
          break;
        }
      }
  }
}

int
FDKsbrEnc_InitSbrTransientDetector(HANDLE_SBR_TRANSIENT_DETECTOR h_sbrTransientDetector,
                                   UINT  sbrSyntaxFlags, /* SBR syntax flags derived from AOT. */
                                   INT   frameSize,
                                   INT   sampleFreq,
                                   sbrConfigurationPtr params,
                                   int   tran_fc,
                                   int   no_cols,
                                   int   no_rows,
                                   int   YBufferWriteOffset,
                                   int   YBufferSzShift,
                                   int   frameShift,
                                   int   tran_off)
{
    INT totalBitrate = params->codecSettings.standardBitrate * params->codecSettings.nChannels;
    INT codecBitrate = params->codecSettings.bitRate;
    FIXP_DBL bitrateFactor_m, framedur_fix;
    INT bitrateFactor_e, tmp_e;

    FDKmemclear(h_sbrTransientDetector,sizeof(SBR_TRANSIENT_DETECTOR));

    h_sbrTransientDetector->frameShift = frameShift;
    h_sbrTransientDetector->tran_off = tran_off;

    if(codecBitrate) {
      bitrateFactor_m = fDivNorm((FIXP_DBL)totalBitrate, (FIXP_DBL)(codecBitrate<<2),&bitrateFactor_e);
      bitrateFactor_e += 2;
    }
    else {
      bitrateFactor_m = FL2FXCONST_DBL(1.0/4.0);
      bitrateFactor_e = 2;
    }

    framedur_fix = fDivNorm(frameSize, sampleFreq);

    /* The longer the frames, the more often should the FIXFIX-
    case transmit 2 envelopes instead of 1.
    Frame durations below 10 ms produce the highest threshold
    so that practically always only 1 env is transmitted. */
    FIXP_DBL tmp = framedur_fix - FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.010);

    tmp = fixMax(tmp, FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0001));
    tmp = fDivNorm(FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.000075), fPow2(tmp), &tmp_e);

    bitrateFactor_e = (tmp_e + bitrateFactor_e);

  if(sbrSyntaxFlags & SBR_SYNTAX_LOW_DELAY) {
    bitrateFactor_e--; /* divide by 2 */
  }

    FDK_ASSERT(no_cols <= QMF_MAX_TIME_SLOTS);
    FDK_ASSERT(no_rows <= QMF_CHANNELS);

    h_sbrTransientDetector->no_cols = no_cols;
    h_sbrTransientDetector->tran_thr = (FIXP_DBL)((params->tran_thr << (32-24-1)) / no_rows);
    h_sbrTransientDetector->tran_fc = tran_fc;
    h_sbrTransientDetector->split_thr_m = fMult(tmp, bitrateFactor_m);
    h_sbrTransientDetector->split_thr_e = bitrateFactor_e;
    h_sbrTransientDetector->no_rows = no_rows;
    h_sbrTransientDetector->mode = params->tran_det_mode;
    h_sbrTransientDetector->prevLowBandEnergy = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);

    return (0);
}


#define ENERGY_SCALING_SIZE 32

INT FDKsbrEnc_InitSbrFastTransientDetector(
        HANDLE_FAST_TRAN_DET h_sbrFastTransientDetector,
        const INT time_slots_per_frame,
        const INT bandwidth_qmf_slot,
        const INT no_qmf_channels,
        const INT sbr_qmf_1st_band
        )
{

  int i, e;
  int buff_size;
  FIXP_DBL myExp;
  FIXP_DBL myExpSlot;

  h_sbrFastTransientDetector->lookahead = TRAN_DET_LOOKAHEAD;
  h_sbrFastTransientDetector->nTimeSlots = time_slots_per_frame;

  buff_size = h_sbrFastTransientDetector->nTimeSlots + h_sbrFastTransientDetector->lookahead;

  for(i=0; i< buff_size; i++) {
    h_sbrFastTransientDetector->delta_energy[i] = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
    h_sbrFastTransientDetector->energy_timeSlots[i] = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
    h_sbrFastTransientDetector->lowpass_energy[i] = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
    h_sbrFastTransientDetector->transientCandidates[i] = 0;
  }

  FDK_ASSERT(bandwidth_qmf_slot > 0.f);
  h_sbrFastTransientDetector->stopBand  = fMin(TRAN_DET_STOP_FREQ/bandwidth_qmf_slot, no_qmf_channels);
  h_sbrFastTransientDetector->startBand = fMin(sbr_qmf_1st_band, h_sbrFastTransientDetector->stopBand - TRAN_DET_MIN_QMFBANDS);

  FDK_ASSERT(h_sbrFastTransientDetector->startBand < no_qmf_channels);
  FDK_ASSERT(h_sbrFastTransientDetector->startBand < h_sbrFastTransientDetector->stopBand);
  FDK_ASSERT(h_sbrFastTransientDetector->startBand > 1);
  FDK_ASSERT(h_sbrFastTransientDetector->stopBand > 1);

  /* the energy weighting and adding up has a headroom of 6 Bits,
     so up to 64 bands can be added without potential overflow. */
  FDK_ASSERT(h_sbrFastTransientDetector->stopBand - h_sbrFastTransientDetector->startBand <= 64);

  /* QMF_HP_dB_SLOPE_FIX says that we want a 20 dB per 16 kHz HP filter.
     The following lines map this to the QMF bandwidth. */
  #define EXP_E 7 /* QMF_CHANNELS (=64) multiplications max, max. allowed sum is 0.5 */
  myExp = fMultNorm(QMF_HP_dBd_SLOPE_FIX, (FIXP_DBL)bandwidth_qmf_slot, &e);
  myExp = scaleValueSaturate(myExp, e+0+DFRACT_BITS-1-EXP_E);
  myExpSlot = myExp;

  for(i=0; i<QMF_CHANNELS; i++){
    /* Calculate dBf over all qmf bands:
       dBf = (10^(0.002266f/10*bw(slot)))^(band) =
           = 2^(log2(10)*0.002266f/10*bw(slot)*band) =
           = 2^(0.00075275f*bw(slot)*band)                                   */

    FIXP_DBL dBf_m;        /* dBf mantissa        */
    INT dBf_e;             /* dBf exponent        */
    INT tmp;

    INT dBf_int;           /* dBf integer part    */
    FIXP_DBL dBf_fract;    /* dBf fractional part */

    /* myExp*(i+1) = myExp_int - myExp_fract
       myExp*(i+1) is split up here for better accuracy of CalcInvLdData(),
       for its result can be split up into an integer and a fractional part */

    /* Round up to next integer */
    FIXP_DBL myExp_int   = (myExpSlot & (FIXP_DBL)0xfe000000) + (FIXP_DBL)0x02000000;

    /* This is the fractional part that needs to be substracted */
    FIXP_DBL myExp_fract = myExp_int - myExpSlot;

    /* Calc integer part */
    dBf_int   = CalcInvLdData(myExp_int);
    /* The result needs to be re-scaled. The ld(myExp_int) had been scaled by EXP_E,
       the CalcInvLdData expects the operand to be scaled by LD_DATA_SHIFT.
       Therefore, the correctly scaled result is dBf_int^(2^(EXP_E-LD_DATA_SHIFT)),
       which is dBf_int^2 */
    dBf_int  *= dBf_int;

    /* Calc fractional part */
    dBf_fract = CalcInvLdData(-myExp_fract);
    /* The result needs to be re-scaled. The ld(myExp_fract) had been scaled by EXP_E,
       the CalcInvLdData expects the operand to be scaled by LD_DATA_SHIFT.
       Therefore, the correctly scaled result is dBf_fract^(2^(EXP_E-LD_DATA_SHIFT)),
       which is dBf_fract^2 */
    dBf_fract = fMultNorm(dBf_fract, dBf_fract, &tmp);

    /* Get worst case scaling of multiplication result */
    dBf_e = (DFRACT_BITS-1 - tmp) - CountLeadingBits(dBf_int);

    /* Now multiply integer with fractional part of the result, thus resulting
       in the overall accurate fractional result */
    dBf_m = fMultNorm(dBf_int, dBf_fract, &e);
    dBf_m = scaleValueSaturate(dBf_m, e+DFRACT_BITS-1+tmp-dBf_e);
    myExpSlot += myExp;

    /* Keep the results */
    h_sbrFastTransientDetector->dBf_m[i] = dBf_m;
    h_sbrFastTransientDetector->dBf_e[i] = dBf_e;

  }

  /* Make sure that dBf is greater than 1.0 (because it should be a highpass) */
  /* ... */

  return 0;
}

void FDKsbrEnc_fastTransientDetect(
        const HANDLE_FAST_TRAN_DET          h_sbrFastTransientDetector,
        const FIXP_DBL              *const *Energies,
        const int                   *const  scaleEnergies,
        const INT                           YBufferWriteOffset,
              UCHAR                 *const  tran_vector
        )
{
  int timeSlot, band;

  FIXP_DBL max_delta_energy;   /* helper to store maximum energy ratio          */
  int max_delta_energy_scale;  /* helper to store scale of maximum energy ratio */
  int ind_max             = 0; /* helper to store index of maximum energy ratio */
  int isTransientInFrame  = 0;

  const int nTimeSlots         = h_sbrFastTransientDetector->nTimeSlots;
  const int lookahead          = h_sbrFastTransientDetector->lookahead;
  const int startBand          = h_sbrFastTransientDetector->startBand;
  const int stopBand           = h_sbrFastTransientDetector->stopBand;

  int * transientCandidates    = h_sbrFastTransientDetector->transientCandidates;

  FIXP_DBL * energy_timeSlots  = h_sbrFastTransientDetector->energy_timeSlots;
  int * energy_timeSlots_scale = h_sbrFastTransientDetector->energy_timeSlots_scale;

  FIXP_DBL * delta_energy      = h_sbrFastTransientDetector->delta_energy;
  int * delta_energy_scale     = h_sbrFastTransientDetector->delta_energy_scale;

  const FIXP_DBL thr           = TRAN_DET_THRSHLD;
  const INT      thr_scale     = TRAN_DET_THRSHLD_SCALE;

  /*reset transient info*/
  tran_vector[2] = 0;

  /* reset transient candidates */
  FDKmemclear(transientCandidates+lookahead, nTimeSlots*sizeof(int));

  for(timeSlot = lookahead; timeSlot < nTimeSlots + lookahead; timeSlot++) {
    int i, norm;
    FIXP_DBL tmpE           = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
    int headroomEnSlot      = DFRACT_BITS-1;

    FIXP_DBL smallNRG = FL2FXCONST_DBL(1e-2f);
    FIXP_DBL denominator;
    INT denominator_scale;

    /* determine minimum headroom of energy values for this timeslot */
    for(band = startBand; band < stopBand; band++) {
      int tmp_headroom = fNormz(Energies[timeSlot][band])-1;
      if(tmp_headroom < headroomEnSlot){
        headroomEnSlot = tmp_headroom;
      }
    }

    for(i = 0, band = startBand; band < stopBand; band++, i++) {
      /* energy is weighted by weightingfactor stored in dBf_m array */
      /* dBf_m index runs from 0 to stopBand-startband               */
      /* energy shifted by calculated headroom for maximum precision */
      FIXP_DBL weightedEnergy = fMult(Energies[timeSlot][band]<<headroomEnSlot, h_sbrFastTransientDetector->dBf_m[i]);

      /* energy is added up                                                */
      /* shift by 6 to have a headroom for maximum 64 additions            */
      /* shift by dBf_e to handle weighting factor dependent scale factors */
      tmpE += weightedEnergy >> (6 + (10 - h_sbrFastTransientDetector->dBf_e[i]));
    }

    /* store calculated energy for timeslot */
    energy_timeSlots[timeSlot] = tmpE;

    /* calculate overall scale factor for energy of this timeslot                                                             */
    /* =   original scale factor of energies (-scaleEnergies[0]+2*QMF_SCALE_OFFSET or -scaleEnergies[1]+2*QMF_SCALE_OFFSET    */
    /*     depending on YBufferWriteOffset)                                                                                   */
    /*   + weighting factor scale            (10)                                                                             */
    /*   + adding up scale factor            ( 6)                                                                             */
    /*   - headroom of energy value          (headroomEnSlot)                                                                 */
    if(timeSlot < YBufferWriteOffset){
      energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot] = (-scaleEnergies[0]+2*QMF_SCALE_OFFSET) + (10+6) - headroomEnSlot;
    } else {
      energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot] = (-scaleEnergies[1]+2*QMF_SCALE_OFFSET) + (10+6) - headroomEnSlot;
    }

    /* Add a small energy to the denominator, thus making the transient
       detection energy-dependent. Loud transients are being detected,
       silent ones not. */

    /* make sure that smallNRG does not overflow */
    if ( -energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot-1] + 1 > 5 )
    {
      denominator = smallNRG;
      denominator_scale = 0;
    } else {
      /* Leave an additional headroom of 1 bit for this addition. */
      smallNRG = scaleValue(smallNRG, -(energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot-1] + 1));
      denominator = (energy_timeSlots[timeSlot-1]>>1) + smallNRG;
      denominator_scale = energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot-1]+1;
    }

    delta_energy[timeSlot] = fDivNorm(energy_timeSlots[timeSlot], denominator, &norm);
    delta_energy_scale[timeSlot] = energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot] - denominator_scale + norm;
  }

  /*get transient candidates*/
  /* For every timeslot, check if delta(E) exceeds the threshold. If it did,
     it could potentially be marked as a transient candidate. However, the 2
     slots before the current one must not be transients with an energy higher
     than 1.4*E(current). If both aren't transients or if the energy of the
     current timesolot is more than 1.4 times higher than the energy in the
     last or the one before the last slot, it is marked as a transient.*/

  FDK_ASSERT(lookahead >= 2);
  for(timeSlot = lookahead; timeSlot < nTimeSlots + lookahead; timeSlot++) {
    FIXP_DBL energy_cur_slot_weighted = fMult(energy_timeSlots[timeSlot],FL2FXCONST_DBL(1.0f/1.4f));
    if( !fIsLessThan(delta_energy[timeSlot], delta_energy_scale[timeSlot], thr, thr_scale) &&
        ( ((transientCandidates[timeSlot-2]==0) && (transientCandidates[timeSlot-1]==0)) ||
          !fIsLessThan(energy_cur_slot_weighted, energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot], energy_timeSlots[timeSlot-1], energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot-1] ) ||
          !fIsLessThan(energy_cur_slot_weighted, energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot], energy_timeSlots[timeSlot-2], energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot-2] )
        )
      )
{
      /* in case of strong transients, subsequent
       * qmf slots might be recognized as transients. */
      transientCandidates[timeSlot] = 1;
    }
  }

  /*get transient with max energy*/
  max_delta_energy   = FL2FXCONST_DBL(0.0f);
  max_delta_energy_scale = 0;
  ind_max = 0;
  isTransientInFrame = 0;
  for(timeSlot = 0; timeSlot < nTimeSlots; timeSlot++) {
    int scale = fMax(delta_energy_scale[timeSlot], max_delta_energy_scale);
    if(transientCandidates[timeSlot] && ( (delta_energy[timeSlot] >> (scale - delta_energy_scale[timeSlot])) > (max_delta_energy >> (scale - max_delta_energy_scale)) ) ) {
      max_delta_energy   = delta_energy[timeSlot];
      max_delta_energy_scale = scale;
      ind_max            = timeSlot;
      isTransientInFrame = 1;
    }
  }

  /*from all transient candidates take the one with the biggest energy*/
  if(isTransientInFrame) {
    tran_vector[0] = ind_max;
    tran_vector[1] = 1;
  } else {
    /*reset transient info*/
    tran_vector[0] = tran_vector[1] = 0;
  }

  /*check for transients in lookahead*/
  for(timeSlot = nTimeSlots; timeSlot < nTimeSlots + lookahead; timeSlot++) {
    if(transientCandidates[timeSlot]) {
      tran_vector[2] = 1;
    }
  }

  /*update buffers*/
  for(timeSlot = 0; timeSlot < lookahead; timeSlot++) {
    transientCandidates[timeSlot] = transientCandidates[nTimeSlots + timeSlot];

    /* fixpoint stuff */
    energy_timeSlots[timeSlot]    = energy_timeSlots[nTimeSlots + timeSlot];
    energy_timeSlots_scale[timeSlot]  = energy_timeSlots_scale[nTimeSlots + timeSlot];

    delta_energy[timeSlot]     = delta_energy[nTimeSlots + timeSlot];
    delta_energy_scale[timeSlot]   = delta_energy_scale[nTimeSlots + timeSlot];
  }
}